Confidence Interval Calculator

Build a confidence interval for a mean from the sample mean, SD and size.

Lower bound
Upper bound
Margin of error
Standard error

Results update as you type.

About this calculator

A confidence interval gives a range that is likely to contain the true population mean. This calculator uses the z-interval: mean ± z*·(σ / √n), where z* is the standard-normal critical value for your chosen confidence level. The z-interval is appropriate for large samples (roughly n ≥ 30) or when the population standard deviation is known; for small samples use a t-interval instead.

Frequently asked questions

What does a 95% confidence interval mean?

It means that if you repeated the sampling many times and built an interval each time, about 95% of those intervals would contain the true population mean. It does not mean there is a 95% probability the mean is in this one particular interval.

When should I use a t-interval instead?

Use a t-interval when the sample is small (roughly under 30) and the population standard deviation is unknown. The t-distribution has heavier tails, giving a slightly wider, more cautious interval than this z-based one.

Results are estimates for general guidance only, not financial, medical or tax advice.