➗ විචල්‍ය ගණකය

මෙම කැල්ක්යුලේටරය ගැන

Variance is the average of the squared deviations from the mean and is the square of the standard deviation. This calculator gives the sample variance (sum of squared deviations divided by n − 1) or the population variance (divided by n), along with the standard deviation, mean, range and sum of squared deviations. Variance is expressed in squared units, which is why the standard deviation — its square root — is usually easier to interpret.

To find it, take the mean, subtract it from every value, square each of those deviations, add them together and divide by n − 1 for a sample or by n for a whole population. Squaring is what makes variance always non-negative and gives extra weight to values that lie far from the mean.

Worked example: for 12, 15, 17, 20, 22, 25 the mean is 18.5. The squared deviations sum to about 118.5, so the sample variance is 118.5 ÷ 5 = 23.7 and the population variance is 118.5 ÷ 6 = 19.75. Variance is the workhorse behind ANOVA, portfolio risk, quality control and many other techniques; the deviation table below lists each value’s distance from the mean and its square.