I-P-Ixabiso leKhalenda (esuka ku-Z)
Gcina i z- inqaku kwi p- ixabiso elincinane okanye eliphindwe kabini.
Iinketho ze projekti
Malunga nale Calculator
This p-value calculator converts a z-score (the standard-normal test statistic) into a p-value — the probability of observing a result at least as extreme as yours if the null hypothesis is true. A small p-value means your data would be surprising under the null hypothesis, which counts as evidence against it.
Choose a left-tailed, right-tailed or two-tailed test; all three p-values are shown so you can compare. The left-tailed value is P(Z ≤ z), the right-tailed value is P(Z ≥ z), and the two-tailed value is 2 × P(Z ≥ |z|) — double the smaller tail. All come from the standard-normal cumulative distribution, so this tool applies to z-tests and large-sample approximations, and the result is flagged against the conventional α = 0.05 threshold.
Worked example: a z-score of 1.96 gives a right-tailed p-value of about 0.025 and a two-tailed p-value of about 0.050 — exactly the classic 5% cutoff, which is why 1.96 is the critical value for a 95% two-sided test. Since 0.05 is not below 0.05, that result sits right on the border of significance.
Imibuzo ebuza rhoqo
Yintoni ixabiso le-p?
Ixabiso le-p liqinisekile, ukuba i-null hypothesis iyinyaniso, yokufumana uvavanyo lwesibalo esincinci njengesinye esibonisiweyo. Ixabiso le-p elincinci lithetha ukuba idata yakho ayizukubakho phantsi kwe-null hypothesis, eyiyo iqinisekiso elinxulumene nayo.
Ixabiso le-p eliphindwe kabini lihlukile njani kwixabiso le-p eliphindwe kabini?
Uvavanyo olunomhlathi omnye lubala iziphumo ezigqithisileyo kuzo zombini iincam, ngoko ixabiso layo le-p liphindwe kabini kunexabiso elilodwa elilodwa lo |z|. Sebenzisa olunomhlathi omnye xa ukhathalela kuphela ukuba kukho utshintsho, kunye nolunye olunomhlathi omnye xa ulindele umendo phambi kokuba uqale.
Ingaba i-p < 0.05 ihlala ibalulekile?
0.05 yinkqubo eqhelekileyo kuphela, ayiyiyo umthetho. Ithetha ukuba i-5% yethuba lokuba ngumntu olungileyo ongalunganga. Kuxhomekeke kwicandelo kunye nexabiso lokuba ngumntu ongalunganga, amanqanaba aphezulu afana ne-0.01 ahlala efanelekileyo.
Ndiguqula njani i z- score kwi p- value?
Khangela ummandla wecala lonikezelo olusezantsi- oluqhelekileyo ngaphezulu kwez- score yakho. Eli sixhobo siyenza kuwe: icala lasekhohlo li P( Z ≤ z), icala lasekunene li 1 − P( Z ≤ z), nexabiso le p eliphindwe kabini liphindaphindwe ngaphantsi kwezimbini.
Ingaba ixabiso elikhulu le-p libonisa ukuba i-null hypothesis yinyaniso?
Akukho nto. Ixabiso elikhulu le-p lithetha kuphela ukuba idata yakho ihambelana ne-null hypothesis, hayi ukuba i-null iqinisekisiwe. Ukungabikho kobungqina obuchaphazelayo akuyikuba ngumqondiso wokuba kunjalo; ungalahla ubungakanani besampuli ukuvavanya i-effect.
Ndifanele ndisebenzise njani ixabiso le-p elisekelwe kwi-z endaweni yexabiso elisekelwe kwi-t?
Sebenzisa ixabiso elisekelwe kwi z xa utshintsho olusezantsi lwesiqulatho soqoqosho luziwa okanye umzekelo ukhulu (obukhulu n ≥ 30). Kwizikhombisi ezincinci ezinesiqulatho esisezantsi esiqikelelwayo, unikezelo lwe t lunika ixabiso le p elichanekileyo.
Yintoni utshintsho phakathi kwexabiso le-p kunye nomgangatho obalulekileyo?
The significance level α is a threshold you set in advance, such as 0.05. The p-value is computed from your data. You reject the null hypothesis when the p-value falls below α.
API — sebenzisa le calculator ukusuka kwikhowudi
Nceda le khadi lemali njengendawo esemva ye-JSON ekhululekileyo - akukho qhosha lifunekayo. Thumela amaxabiso endawo ezantsi njengeparameter yombuzo okanye i-JSON. Nantoni na oyenzayo isebenzisa okungagqibekanga okufanayo eli phepha ligqityiwe ngaphambili; iparameter engaziwayo yi 400, ayikho i zero ekhululekileyo. Funda i-API epheleleyo →
Incopho yesiphelo
GET https://calculator.free/api/v1/p-value/curl
curl "https://calculator.free/api/v1/p-value/?z=1.96&tail=two"JavaScript fetch()
const r = await fetch(
"https://calculator.free/api/v1/p-value/?" + new URLSearchParams({
"z": "1.96",
"tail": "two"
}));
const data = await r.json();
console.log(data.results);Results are estimates for general guidance only, not financial, medical or tax advice.