P-Value suberor (hutoka Z)
Jigeuze kuwa moja au mbili za thamani ya chini.
Matokeo yanakuwa bora zaidi unapochapa.
Kuhusu kifaa hiki cha kupigia hesabu
This p-value calculator converts a z-score (the standard-normal test statistic) into a p-value — the probability of observing a result at least as extreme as yours if the null hypothesis is true. A small p-value means your data would be surprising under the null hypothesis, which counts as evidence against it.
Choose a left-tailed, right-tailed or two-tailed test; all three p-values are shown so you can compare. The left-tailed value is P(Z ≤ z), the right-tailed value is P(Z ≥ z), and the two-tailed value is 2 × P(Z ≥ |z|) — double the smaller tail. All come from the standard-normal cumulative distribution, so this tool applies to z-tests and large-sample approximations, and the result is flagged against the conventional α = 0.05 threshold.
Worked example: a z-score of 1.96 gives a right-tailed p-value of about 0.025 and a two-tailed p-value of about 0.050 — exactly the classic 5% cutoff, which is why 1.96 is the critical value for a 95% two-sided test. Since 0.05 is not below 0.05, that result sits right on the border of significance.
Maswali yaliyoulizwa mara nyingi
Thamani gani?
Ukubwa ni uwezekano, kudhani nadharia isiyo sahihi ni ya kweli, ya kupata takwimu za mtihani angalau kama ile iliyoonekana.
Kanuni mbili za msingi zinatofautianaje na zile zinazotiwa ndani?
Uchunguzi wa pili una matokeo ya kupita kiasi katika pande zote mbili, kwa hiyo thamani yake ni maradufu ya thamani ya moja kwa ajili ya kanuni zilezile za mbinguni.
Is p < 0.05 always significant?
0.05 is only a common convention, not a law. It means a 5% chance of a false positive. Depending on the field and the cost of being wrong, stricter thresholds like 0.01 are often more appropriate.
Ninabadilishaje z-score kuwa thamani?
Look up the tail area of the standard-normal distribution beyond your z-score. This tool does it for you: the left tail is P(Z ≤ z), the right tail is 1 − P(Z ≤ z), and the two-tailed p-value doubles the smaller of the two.
Je, thamani kubwa ya fedha inathibitisha nadharia isiyothibitishwa ni ya kweli?
La. Matumizi makubwa ya taarifa zako ni sawa na nadharia isiyo sahihi, siyo kwamba kubatilishwa kwa ushahidi dhidi yake si uthibitisho; huenda ukakosa tu ukubwa wa sampuli ili kugundua athari.
Ni wakati gani nitumie thamani ya z - z badala ya ile ya t - ty?
Tumia thamani ya z - li wakati kiwango cha watu kinapojulikana au sampuli yake ni kubwa (kwa Kiingereza n É 30). Kwa sampuli ndogo zenye kasoro ya kiwango kinachokadiriwa, t-gaperesheni hutoa thamani sahihi zaidi.
Kuna tofauti gani kati ya thamani na kiwango cha maana?
Kiwango cha maana faida ya faida ni mwanzo ambao umejiwekea mapema, kama vile 0.05.
API bustanini hutumia kifaa hiki cha hesabu kutoka kwenye mfumo wa sheria
Ipigie simu kifaa hiki cha kupigia hesabu kama Junse É not doot toder. Chochote unachoacha kinatumia kiwango kilekile cha mwisho ambacho ukurasa huu haujakamilika; parameta isiyojulikana ni 400, si sufuri kimya kamwe. Soma habari kamili za API docs →
keyboard label
GET https://calculator.free/api/v1/p-value/curl
curl "https://calculator.free/api/v1/p-value/?z=1.96&tail=two"JavaScript fetch()
const r = await fetch(
"https://calculator.free/api/v1/p-value/?" + new URLSearchParams({
"z": "1.96",
"tail": "two"
}));
const data = await r.json();
console.log(data.results);Matokeo ni makadirio ya mwongozo wa ujumla, si wa kifedha, wa kitiba au wa kodi tu.